ContactMode SurfaceOxidation light_emitting PolymerBlend domain_switching light_emission silicon_carbide Imprint nanomechanical ScanningKelvinProbeMicroscopy Polydimethylsiloxane Lift ElectroChemical Polytetrafluoroethylene PFM Calcium MetalCompound Hafnium_dioxide OpticalWaveguides Terrace Phosphide MultiLayerCeramicCapacitor Metal-organicComplex ito_film PECurve NCM DLaTGS temperature controller AFM Roughness SRAM Hole HOPG HDD hetero_structure optoelectronics