Layer TyphimuriumBiofilm KPFM Genetic Hydroxyapatite Nanotechnology CntFilm SrTiO3 ferromagnetic Typhimurium Sadowski Edwin Pipette atomic_layer IndiumTinOxide Wafer CuSubstrate Conductive AFM Mechanical electrospinning NUS_Physics TungstenDeposition Pzt HDD Aggregated_molecules Adhesion Terrace HexacontaneFilm Fet NusEce OpticalModulator Thermal LateralPFM NTU ScanningSpreadingResistanceMicroscopy